PREDNOSTI GAP - ALGORITMA U RJEŠAVANJU DEGENERIRANIH TRANSPORTNIH PROBLEM

Transportni problemi linearnog programiranja često imaju degenerirano bazično rješenje. U radu su prikazani različiti pristupi u rješavanju degeneriranih bazičnih rješenja klasičnog transprotnog problema linearnog programiranja s ograničenim propusnim sposobnostima (2-TPc problem), s posebnim osvrtom na prednosti primjene General Alternating Path algoritma (GAP-algoritam) u izboru varijable koja omogućuje skok na novo nedegenerirano bazično rješenje

SIMULATION MODELLING IN DECISON-MAKING PROCESS

Simulacije se često upotrebljavaju kao pomoć u procesu odlučivanja. Tema rada je uloga simulacija u procesu odlučivanja i razlozi zašto su simulacije pri tome tako značajna pomoć. Također su obrađeni i suvremeni pristupi simulacijski-baziranoj programskoj podršci.Simulation is one of the most widely used aids in decision-making-process, This article deals with the role of simulation in decision-making and reasons why the simulation is a powerful tool in that process. Also, the new approaches to simulation-based software as an aid in decision-making process is described

PROBLEMI NEDOSTAJUĆIH PODATAKA U DISTRIBUCIJAMA VJEROJATNOSTI KOJE NISU GAUSSOVE

Abstract Ecology as a scientific discipline has been developing rapidly and becoming the interdisciplinary science based on Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Discovering, integrating and analyzing a huge amount of heterogeneous data is crucial in exploring complex ecological issues. Ecoinformatics offers tools and approaches for the management of environmental data which it transforms further into information and knowledge. The development of Information Technologies with the special emphasis on the research methods of gathering and analyzing data, their storage and data access, has significantly enhanced the laboratory methods and their reports. The above, influences the data quality, as well as the research itself. Moreover, it provides a stable base for the development and the replacement of missing data. The improper missing data handling can lead to invalid conclusions. Therefore, it is important to use the adequate methods for handling the missing data. This paper compares The Deleting Rows Method (Listwise Deletion Method) and six single imputation methods, namely: Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF), Hot-deck Imputation, Group Mean Imputation, Estimated Mean Value Imputation (Regression), Mode Imputation and Median Imputation. For the purposes of this study, the actual, empirical data was collected and used from the non- Gaussian probability distribution of the observed technical system. Mostly, these are asymmetric probability distributions with a tail. Data sets with missing data were created by deleting values with a random number generator. The experiment was repeated three times for each 100%, 95% and 75% sets of the collected data. Experiments have shown that the best imputation data results were provided by Hot-Deck Method, especially when there was a larger number of missing data, which has been confirmed by the Tests of Goodness. The same results, regardless of the set size, were provided by Listwise Deletion Method, which is simpler.Sažetak Ekologija kao znanstvena disciplina brzo se razvija i postaje interdisciplinarna znanost koja se temelji na informacijsko komunikacijskim tehnologijama (IKT). Otkrivanje, integriranje i analiza ogromnih količina heterogenih podataka je ključno u istraživanju složenih ekoloških pitanja. Ekoinformatika nudi alate i pristupe za upravljanje okolišnim pokazateljima i pretvara ih u informacije i znanje. Razvoj informacijskih tehnologija s posebnim naglaskom na metode istraživanja prikupljanja i analizu podataka, njihovu pohranu i pristup podacima znatno poboljšava laboratorijske metode i njihova izvješća. Sve to utječe na kvalitetu podataka, uključujući istraživanja i pruža stabilnu bazu za njihov razvoj i zamjenu podataka koji nedostaju. Nepravilno rukovanje s „nedostajućim podacima“ može dovesti do pogrešnih zaključaka. Dakle, važno je koristiti odgovarajuće metode za upravljanje podacima koji nedostaju. U ovom radu će se usporediti metoda brisanja reda te šest metoda jednostruke metode imputacije: metoda posljednjeg provedenog promatranja, metoda Hot-deck imputacije, metoda imputacije srednje vrijednosti grupe, metoda imputacije procijenjene srednje vrijednosti (regresija), metoda imputacije moda i metoda imputacije medijana. Za potrebe ovog istraživanja, prikupljeni su empirijski podaci tehničkog sustava kod kojih se podaci ne raspoređuju prema Gaussovim distribucijama vjerojatnosti. Uglavnom su to asimetrične distribucije s repom. Skupovi s nedostajućim podacima stvoreni su brisanjem vrijednosti koristeći generator slučajnih brojeva. Eksperiment je ponovljen tri puta za svaku ispitivanu varijablu nad skupovima od: 100%, 95% i 75% prikupljenih podataka. Eksperimenti su pokazali da je najbolje rezultate imputacije podataka dala Hot-deck metoda, naročito kad nedostaje veći broj podataka što su potvrdili i testovi slaganja. Iznenađujuće je to da skoro jednako dobre rezultate, neovisno o veličini skupa, daje metoda brisanja redaka koja je puno jednostavnija

Information and Communication Technology – Stimulating Factor of Exploitability of EU Funds for Encouraging Regional Development

Stjecanjem statusa kandidata za punopravno članstvo Hrvatskoj je osiguran pristup nizu financijskih instrumenata kojima ona pomaže prilagodbi za punopravno i ravnopravno participiranje u njezinu djelovanju. Područje kojem se poklanja najviše pažnje svakako je regionalna politika, koja omogućava državama kandidatima korištenje sredstava pretpristupnih fondova sukladno razvojnom potencijalu regija. Približiti fondove Europske unije korisnicima i time proširiti djelokrug njihova utjecaja moguće je samo ukoliko oni imaju informacije i kapacitete neophodne za sudjelovanje u njima. To je moguće postići korištenjem informacijsko- komunikacijske tehnologije, konkretno razvojem informacijskog sustava koji će biti servis korisnicima (podnositeljima, partnerima i trećim osobama). U radu razrađeni informacijsko-komunikacijski model za korištenje EU fondova u svrhu regionalnog razvoja, kao i njegova implementacija, doprinijela bi apsorpciji financijskih sredstava pa predstavlja važan element u procesu dobivanja sredstava iz fondova Europske unije, a koji će se koristiti prvenstveno kao potpora regionalnom razvoju.Since the Republic of Croatia became a candidate country to join European Union, a lot of EU financial instruments designed to support and fasten the process of entering the Union instantly became accessible. Regional policy is one of the most important subjects. It enables candidate countries to use of the resources of pre accession funds, in accordance with development potential of the regions. To make EU funds closer to the recipients, they must have the information and capacities necessary for participating. That is possible by using of IC technology, more concrete, by developing of Information system that will be a service to recipients (applicant, partners, and third person), and that way make influence of EU funds wider. An information and communication model for effective use of EU funds which is analyzed in this paper would improve EU funds absorption capacities in Croatia and would also be a very useful tool for Croatian regional developmen

THE ROLE OF INFORMATION COMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN SIX SIGMA APPROACH IMPLEMENTATION

The article discusses Six Sigma Methodology as business philosophy assuring excellent product or service quality and continuous process improving to realise highest customer satisfaction level. There are analysed methodology advantages allowing defects and costs reduction and customer satisfaction improvement. Also, authors discuss methodology successful implementation according to gathering data on business processes regulation indicators values variation, and issued products or services performances. The results of implementation process of the Six Sigma Methodology in business system depend on prompt and correct data needed for statistical analysis, and its accessibility via organisation’ information system. Correlation between implementation of Six Sigma Methodology and information system development is so strong that non-conformances could cause the Six Sigma Methodology implementation fall

THE STRATEGIC APPROACH TO ERP SYSTEM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

The use of modern information technologies (IT) will be successful only if information system (IS) development is closely connected to a business processes development strategy. Despite the fact that ERP systems are complex application packages with full functionality, they cannot be implemented immediately "from the shelf". The only way to maximise business effects, using modern IT for enterprise resources planning, is through the deliberate and extensive alignment of ERP capabilities with the business system (ES) development strategy. In this way, support for the business processes and enterprise resource planning (ERP) can be maximised. Such an approach is usually regarded as the strategic planning of the information systems (SPIS). There is no unified methodology which could be applied white performing SPIS. There are several methods, techniques and templates that should be inventively integrated to develop an optimal approach to ERP system design and to develop the implementation development of each particular manufacturing system. Thus, SPIS and ERP implementation appear as two parallel and closely connected projects, and the main outcome is a reengineered business system, supported by modern IT. This paper illustrates how this integration of SPIS and ERP can be performed in order to obtain a consistent methodology. This methodology has been proved and applied in six large-scale projects in very different business systems. In this way, the theoretical approach was confirmed and extended by the new experiences presented in this article